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Papers Containing Tag(s): 'Census Bureau Business Register'

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Frequently Occurring Concepts within this Search

Longitudinal Business Database - 61

North American Industry Classification System - 51

Employer Identification Numbers - 51

Business Register - 44

Center for Economic Studies - 41

Internal Revenue Service - 40

Bureau of Labor Statistics - 37

Longitudinal Employer Household Dynamics - 31

Economic Census - 29

National Science Foundation - 27

Census Bureau Disclosure Review Board - 26

Business Dynamics Statistics - 22

Current Population Survey - 22

Bureau of Economic Analysis - 22

National Bureau of Economic Research - 20

American Community Survey - 18

Ordinary Least Squares - 17

Federal Statistical Research Data Center - 16

Standard Industrial Classification - 16

County Business Patterns - 15

Social Security Administration - 15

Decennial Census - 14

Protected Identification Key - 14

Social Security - 14

Survey of Income and Program Participation - 13

Standard Statistical Establishment List - 13

Metropolitan Statistical Area - 13

Census Bureau Longitudinal Business Database - 13

Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages - 13

Annual Survey of Manufactures - 13

Federal Reserve Bank - 13

Total Factor Productivity - 13

University of Maryland - 12

Disclosure Review Board - 12

Kauffman Foundation - 12

Social Security Number - 11

Service Annual Survey - 11

Research Data Center - 11

Quarterly Workforce Indicators - 10

Census of Manufactures - 10

Alfred P Sloan Foundation - 10

Cornell University - 9

Patent and Trademark Office - 8

Business Research and Development and Innovation Survey - 8

W-2 - 8

Retail Trade - 8

Small Business Administration - 8

Unemployment Insurance - 8

2010 Census - 8

Postal Service - 8

University of Chicago - 8

Longitudinal Research Database - 8

Initial Public Offering - 7

Technical Services - 7

Department of Labor - 7

Master Address File - 7

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development - 7

Longitudinal Firm Trade Transactions Database - 7

Financial, Insurance and Real Estate Industries - 7

Accommodation and Food Services - 6

Department of Homeland Security - 6

Annual Business Survey - 6

Federal Reserve System - 6

Survey of Business Owners - 6

World Bank - 6

Medical Expenditure Panel Survey - 6

Cornell Institute for Social and Economic Research - 6

Business Employment Dynamics - 6

Survey of Industrial Research and Development - 6

Paycheck Protection Program - 5

Office of Management and Budget - 5

Department of Housing and Urban Development - 5

Person Validation System - 5

Sloan Foundation - 5

Characteristics of Business Owners - 5

Foreign Direct Investment - 5

National Institute on Aging - 5

University of Michigan - 5

AKM - 5

Chicago Census Research Data Center - 5

Local Employment Dynamics - 5

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality - 5

LEHD Program - 5

Individual Characteristics File - 4

World Trade Organization - 4

Arts, Entertainment - 4

Wholesale Trade - 4

Agriculture, Forestry - 4

Disability Insurance - 4

Harmonized System - 4

Housing and Urban Development - 4

Computer Assisted Personal Interview - 4

Census of Manufacturing Firms - 4

IQR - 4

Company Organization Survey - 4

Probability Density Function - 4

Department of Economics - 4

George Mason University - 4

Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs - 4

Statistics Canada - 4

Retirement History Survey - 4

MIT Press - 4

Core Based Statistical Area - 4

Business R&D and Innovation Survey - 4

Labor Productivity - 4

Census Bureau Business Dynamics Statistics - 4

International Trade Research Report - 4

COMPUSTAT - 4

Employer Characteristics File - 4

Educational Services - 3

Health Care and Social Assistance - 3

COVID-19 - 3

Economic Research Service - 3

SSA Numident - 3

Master Beneficiary Record - 3

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program - 3

Census Bureau Person Identification Validation System - 3

Social Science Research Institute - 3

MAF-ARF - 3

Herfindahl Hirschman Index - 3

Business Services - 3

New York University - 3

Integrated Longitudinal Business Database - 3

Linear Probability Models - 3

Business Formation Statistics - 3

Customs and Border Protection - 3

Securities and Exchange Commission - 3

Data Management System - 3

Board of Governors - 3

Health and Retirement Study - 3

Kauffman Firm Survey - 3

American Economic Association - 3

National Center for Health Statistics - 3

Management and Organizational Practices Survey - 3

Review of Economics and Statistics - 3

Census Bureau Center for Economic Studies - 3

Michigan Institute for Teaching and Research in Economics - 3

Detailed Earnings Records - 3

VAR - 3

Stanford University - 3

Business Master File - 3

National Income and Product Accounts - 3

Journal of Labor Economics - 3

Department of Commerce - 3

Employment History File - 3

IZA - 3

National Research Council - 3

employ - 21

sector - 20

recession - 19

workforce - 19

growth - 18

survey - 18

labor - 17

company - 17

payroll - 16

manufacturing - 16

entrepreneurship - 16

quarterly - 15

revenue - 15

employed - 14

earnings - 14

enterprise - 13

data census - 13

agency - 13

respondent - 13

sale - 13

entrepreneur - 13

employee - 12

census bureau - 12

market - 12

employment growth - 12

gdp - 12

investment - 11

estimating - 11

econometric - 11

data - 10

entrepreneurial - 10

production - 10

economist - 10

acquisition - 10

innovation - 9

patent - 9

economically - 9

worker - 9

industrial - 9

expenditure - 9

report - 9

corporation - 8

patenting - 8

finance - 8

proprietorship - 8

census data - 8

population - 8

economic census - 8

longitudinal - 7

trend - 7

macroeconomic - 7

coverage - 7

productivity growth - 7

startup - 7

census employment - 7

aggregate - 7

microdata - 7

growth firms - 7

establishment - 6

loan - 6

irs - 6

export - 6

growth productivity - 6

multinational - 6

census business - 6

firm growth - 6

firms grow - 6

technological - 5

investor - 5

financial - 5

lending - 5

funding - 5

organizational - 5

salary - 5

job - 5

occupation - 5

earn - 5

unemployed - 5

proprietor - 5

use census - 5

manufacturer - 5

econometrician - 5

record - 5

research census - 5

business data - 5

filing - 5

firms census - 5

merger - 5

insurance - 5

prospect - 4

innovative - 4

firms patents - 4

firm innovation - 4

employment dynamics - 4

financing - 4

leverage - 4

borrower - 4

lender - 4

incorporated - 4

bank - 4

job growth - 4

sampling - 4

household surveys - 4

medicaid - 4

declining - 4

profit - 4

corp - 4

statistical - 4

industry productivity - 4

efficiency - 4

subsidiary - 4

demand - 4

endogeneity - 4

federal - 4

exporter - 4

matching - 4

identifier - 4

earner - 4

innovate - 4

statistician - 4

aging - 4

younger firms - 4

startup firms - 4

firms young - 4

study - 4

pension - 4

insured - 4

invention - 3

venture - 3

inventory - 3

patents firms - 3

employment estimates - 3

employment data - 3

hiring - 3

employment statistics - 3

worker demographics - 3

longitudinal employer - 3

trends employment - 3

employment trends - 3

bankruptcy - 3

borrowing - 3

debt - 3

equity - 3

borrow - 3

warehousing - 3

disaster - 3

incentive - 3

poverty - 3

import - 3

survey households - 3

population survey - 3

pandemic - 3

socioeconomic - 3

assessed - 3

decline - 3

layoff - 3

growth employment - 3

spillover - 3

business startups - 3

information census - 3

productive - 3

productivity measures - 3

measures productivity - 3

productivity dispersion - 3

monopolistic - 3

datasets - 3

linkage - 3

estimation - 3

impact - 3

census survey - 3

labor productivity - 3

regressing - 3

downturn - 3

wholesale - 3

firms export - 3

trading - 3

reporting - 3

businesses census - 3

employment wages - 3

state - 3

ethnicity - 3

founder - 3

researcher - 3

estimates employment - 3

heterogeneity - 3

intergenerational - 3

family - 3

innovator - 3

regression - 3

profitable - 3

firms employment - 3

endogenous - 3

analysis - 3

research - 3

accounting - 3

acquirer - 3

department - 3

saving - 3

retirement - 3

retiree - 3

health - 3

healthcare - 3

uninsured - 3

health insurance - 3

Viewing papers 1 through 10 of 88


  • Working Paper

    Property Rights, Firm Size and Investments in Innovation: Evidence from the America Invents Act

    May 2025

    Authors: James Driver

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-25-31

    I analyze whether a change in patent systems differentially affects firm-level innovation investments at patent-valuing firms of different sizes. Using legally required, economically representative, U.S. Census Bureau microdata, I separate firms into groups based on a firm's response to a question asking it to rank the degree of patent importance to its business and firm-size. I then measure how firms' innovation inputs/outputs respond to the America Invents Act (AIA). Results show the AIA reduced innovation investments at smaller, patent-valuing firms while increasing innovation investments at larger, patent-valuing firms, highlighting differential firm-size effects of patent policy and policy's importance to investments.
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  • Working Paper

    The Composition of Firm Workforces from 2006'2022: Findings from the Business Dynamics Statistics of Human Capital Experimental Product

    April 2025

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-25-20

    We introduce the Business Dynamics Statistics of Human Capital (BDS-HC) tables, a new Census Bureau experimental product that provides public-use statistics on the workforce composition of firms and its relationship to business dynamics. We use administrative W-2 filings to combine population-level worker demographic data with longitudinal business data to estimate the demographic and educational composition of nearly all non-farm employer businesses in the United States between 2006 and 2022. We use this newly constructed data to document the evolution of employment, entry, and exit of employers based on their workforce compositions. We also provide new statistics on the interaction between firm and worker characteristics, including the composition of workers at startup firms. We find substantial changes between 2006 and 2022 in the distribution of employers along several dimensions, primarily driven by changing workforce compositions within continuing firms rather than the reallocation of employment between firms. We also highlight systematic differences in the business dynamics of firms by their workforce compositions, suggesting that different groups of workers face different economic environments due to their employers.
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  • Working Paper

    Leveraged Payouts: How Using New Debt to Pay Returns in Private Equity Affects Firms, Employees, Creditors, and Investors

    January 2025

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-25-12

    We study the causal effect of a large increase in firm leverage. Our setting is dividend recapitalizations in private equity (PE), where portfolio companies take on new debt to pay investor returns. After accounting for positive selection into more debt, we show that large leverage increases make firms much riskier, dramatically raising exit and bankruptcy rates but also IPOs. The debt-bankruptcy relationship is in line with Altman-Z model predictions for private firms. Dividend recapitalizations increase deal returns but reduce: (a) wages among surviving firms; (b) pre-existing loan prices; and (c) fund returns, which seems to reflect moral hazard via new fundraising. These results suggest negative implications for employees, pre-existing creditors, and investors.
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  • Working Paper

    Business Dynamics Statistics of Coastal Counties: A Description of Differences in Coastal Areas Over Time

    January 2025

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-25-08R

    The Business Dynamics Statistics of Coastal Counties (BDS-CC) is a new experimental data product extending the set of statistics published by the Business Dynamics Statistics (BDS) program to provide more detail on businesses operating in coastal regions of the United States. The BDS-CC provides annual measures of employment, the number of establishments and firms, job creation, job destruction, openings, and closings for businesses in Coastal Shoreline (CS), Coastal Non-Shoreline (CNS), and Non-Coastal (NC) counties. Counties are grouped into these categories based on definitions from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). This product allows for comparisons across industries and coastal regions of the impact of natural disasters and other events that affect coastal areas. The BDS-CC series provides annual statistics for 1978 to 2022 for each of the coastal categories by firm size and firm age, initial firm size, establishment size and establishment age, initial establishment size, sector, 3-digit NAICS code, 4-digit NAICS code, urban/rural categories, and various coastal regions. Following a description of the data and methodology, we highlight some historical trends and analyses conducted using these data.
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  • Working Paper

    Measuring the Business Dynamics of Firms that Received Pandemic Relief Funding: Findings from a New Experimental BDS Data Product

    January 2025

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-25-05

    This paper describes a new experimental data product from the U.S. Census Bureau's Center for Economic Studies: the Business Dynamics Statistics (BDS) of firms that received Small Business Administration (SBA) pandemic funding. This new product, BDS-SBA COVID, expands the set of currently published BDS tables by linking loan-level program participation data from SBA to internal business microdata at the U.S. Census Bureau. The linked programs include the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), COVID Economic Injury Disaster Loans (COVID-EIDL), the Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF), and Shuttered Venue Operators Grants (SVOG). Using these linked data, we tabulate annual firm and establishment counts, measures of job creation and destruction, and establishment entry and exit for recipients and non-recipients of program funds in 2020-2021. We further stratify the tables by timing of loan receipt and loan size, and business characteristics including geography, industry sector, firm size, and firm age. We find that for the youngest firms that received PPP, the timing of receipt mattered. Receiving an early loan correlated with a lower job destruction rate compared to non-recipients and businesses that received a later loan. For the smallest firms, simply participating in PPP was associated with lower employment loss. The timing of PPP receipt was also related to establishment exit rates. For businesses of nearly all ages, those that received an early loan exited at a lower rate in 2022 than later loan recipients.
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  • Working Paper

    Tip of the Iceberg: Tip Reporting at U.S. Restaurants, 2005-2018

    November 2024

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-24-68

    Tipping is a significant form of compensation for many restaurant jobs, but it is poorly measured and therefore not well understood. We combine several large administrative and survey datasets and document patterns in tip reporting that are consistent with systematic under-reporting of tip income. Our analysis indicates that although the vast majority of tipped workers do report earning some tips, the dollar value of tips is under-reported and is sensitive to reporting incentives. In total, we estimate that about eight billion in tips paid at full-service, single-location, restaurants were not captured in tax data annually over the period 2005-2018. Due to changes in payment methods and reporting incentives, tip reporting has increased over time. Our findings have implications for downstream measures dependent on accurate measures of compensation including poverty measurement among tipped restaurant workers.
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  • Working Paper

    The China Shock Revisited: Job Reallocation and Industry Switching in U.S. Labor Markets

    October 2024

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-24-65

    Using confidential administrative data from the U.S. Census Bureau we revisit how the rise in Chinese import penetration has reshaped U.S. local labor markets. Local labor markets more exposed to the China shock experienced larger reallocation from manufacturing to services jobs. Most of this reallocation occurred within firms that simultaneously contracted manufacturing operations while expanding employment in services. Notably, about 40% of the manufacturing job loss effect is due to continuing establishments switching their primary activity from manufacturing to trade-related services such as research, management, and wholesale. The effects of Chinese import penetration vary by local labor market characteristics. In areas with high human capital, including much of the West Coast and large cities, job reallocation from manufacturing to services has been substantial. In areas with low human capital and a high initial manufacturing share, including much of the Midwest and the South, we find limited job reallocation. We estimate this differential response to the China shock accounts for half of the 1997-2007 job growth gap between these regions.
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  • Working Paper

    Nonresponse and Coverage Bias in the Household Pulse Survey: Evidence from Administrative Data

    October 2024

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-24-60

    The Household Pulse Survey (HPS) conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau is a unique survey that provided timely data on the effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on American households and continues to provide data on other emergent social and economic issues. Because the survey has a response rate in the single digits and only has an online response mode, there are concerns about nonresponse and coverage bias. In this paper, we match administrative data from government agencies and third-party data to HPS respondents to examine how representative they are of the U.S. population. For comparison, we create a benchmark of American Community Survey (ACS) respondents and nonrespondents and include the ACS respondents as another point of reference. Overall, we find that the HPS is less representative of the U.S. population than the ACS. However, performance varies across administrative variables, and the existing weighting adjustments appear to greatly improve the representativeness of the HPS. Additionally, we look at household characteristics by their email domain to examine the effects on coverage from limiting email messages in 2023 to addresses from the contact frame with at least 90% deliverability rates, finding no clear change in the representativeness of the HPS afterwards.
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  • Working Paper

    Incorporating Administrative Data in Survey Weights for the 2018-2022 Survey of Income and Program Participation

    October 2024

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-24-58

    Response rates to the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) have declined over time, raising the potential for nonresponse bias in survey estimates. A potential solution is to leverage administrative data from government agencies and third-party data providers when constructing survey weights. In this paper, we modify various parts of the SIPP weighting algorithm to incorporate such data. We create these new weights for the 2018 through 2022 SIPP panels and examine how the new weights affect survey estimates. Our results show that before weighting adjustments, SIPP respondents in these panels have higher socioeconomic status than the general population. Existing weighting procedures reduce many of these differences. Comparing SIPP estimates between the production weights and the administrative data-based weights yields changes that are not uniform across the joint income and program participation distribution. Unlike other Census Bureau household surveys, there is no large increase in nonresponse bias in SIPP due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. In summary, the magnitude and sign of nonresponse bias in SIPP is complicated, and the existing weighting procedures may change the sign of nonresponse bias for households with certain incomes and program benefit statuses.
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  • Working Paper

    Transitional Costs and the Decline of Coal: Worker-Level Evidence

    September 2024

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-24-53

    We examine the labor market impacts of the U.S. coal industry's decline using comprehensive administrative data on workers from 2005-2021. Coal workers most exposed to the industry's contraction experienced substantial earnings losses, equivalent to 1.6 years of predecline wages. These losses stem from both reduced employment duration (0.37 fewer years employed) and lower annual earnings (17 percent decline) between 2012-2019, relative to similar workers less exposed to coal's decline. Earnings reductions primarly occur when workers remain in local labor markets but are not employed in mining. While coal workers do not exhibit lower geographic mobility, relocation does not significantly mitigate their earnings losses.
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