CREAT: Census Research Exploration and Analysis Tool

Professional Employer Organizations: What Are They, Who Uses Them and Why Should We Care?

September 2010

Working Paper Number:

CES-10-22

Abstract

More and more U.S. workers are counted as employees of firms that they do not actually work for. Among such workers are those who staffed by temporary help service (THS) agencies and leased employees who are on the payroll of professional employment organizations (PEOs) but work for PEOs' client firms. While several papers study firms' use of THS services, few examine firms' use of PEO services. In this article, we summarize PEOs' business practices and examine how the intensity of their use varies across industries, geographic areas, and establishment characteristics using both public and confidential data.

Document Tags and Keywords

Keywords Keywords are automatically generated using KeyBERT, a powerful and innovative keyword extraction tool that utilizes BERT embeddings to ensure high-quality and contextually relevant keywords.

By analyzing the content of working papers, KeyBERT identifies terms and phrases that capture the essence of the text, highlighting the most significant topics and trends. This approach not only enhances searchability but provides connections that go beyond potentially domain-specific author-defined keywords.
:
work census, payroll, agency, employee, organizational, employ, employed, firms census, employment data, workforce, worker, occupation, layoff, employment statistics, census employment

Tags Tags are automatically generated using a pretrained language model from spaCy, which excels at several tasks, including entity tagging.

The model is able to label words and phrases by part-of-speech, including "organizations." By filtering for frequent words and phrases labeled as "organizations", papers are identified to contain references to specific institutions, datasets, and other organizations.
:
Census of Manufactures, Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Science Foundation, Center for Economic Studies, County Business Patterns, Current Population Survey, Federal Reserve System, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Chicago Census Research Data Center, Census of Services, North American Industry Classification System, Current Employment Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics, Herfindahl Hirschman Index, Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages, 2010 Census

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