Scale Economies and Consolidation in Hog Slaughter
March 2000
Working Paper Number:
CES-00-03
Abstract
We use establishment based panel data to estimate a cost function which identifies the role of scale economies in hog slaughter consolidation. We find modest by extensive technological scale economies in the 1990s, and they became more important over time. But wages rose sharply with plant size through the 1970s and those wage premiums generated a pecuniary scale diseconomy that largely offset the effects of technological scale economies. The size-wage relation disappeared in the 1980; with growing technological scale economies and disappearing pecuniary diseconomies, large plants realized growing cost advantages over smaller plants, and production shifted to larger plants.
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demand,
quantity,
market,
production,
growth,
produce,
efficiency,
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expenditure,
agriculture,
agricultural,
wages production,
meat
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Census of Manufactures,
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Census Bureau Longitudinal Business Database,
Current Population Survey,
Department of Agriculture
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