CREAT: Census Research Exploration and Analysis Tool

Is the Gender Pay Gap Largest at the Top?

December 2023

Working Paper Number:

CES-23-61

Abstract

No: it is at least as large at bottom percentiles of the earnings distribution. Conditional quantile regressions reveal that while the gap at top percentiles is largest among the most-educated, the gap at bottom percentiles is largest among the least-educated. Gender differences in labor supply create more pay inequality among the least-educated than they do among the most-educated. The pay gap has declined throughout the distribution since 2006, but it declined more for the most-educated women. Current economics-of-gender research focuses heavily on the top end; equal emphasis should be placed on mechanisms driving gender inequality for noncollege-educated workers.

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:
earnings, employed, labor, sector, economically, woman, workforce, worker, salary, percentile, educated, education, graduate, labor statistics, unemployment rates, employment earnings

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:
Center for Economic Studies, American Community Survey, Census Bureau Disclosure Review Board

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