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Important
This document is not an official Census Bureau publication. It is compiled from publicly accessible information by Lars Vilhuber (Labor Dynamics Institute, Cornell University). Feedback is welcome. Please write us at lars.vilhuber@cornell.edu. |
1. Purpose
The public-use data from the Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics Program, including the Quarterly Workforce Indicators (QWI) and Job-to-Job Flows (J2J), are available for download with the following data schema. These data are available as Comma-Separated Value (CSV) files through the LEHD website’s Data page at http://lehd.ces.census.gov/data/ and through LED Extraction Tool at http://ledextract.ces.census.gov/.
This document describes the data schema for LEHD files. LEHD-provided SHP files are separately described in lehd_shapefiles.html. For each variable, a set of allowable values is defined. Definitions are provided as CSV files, with header variable definitions. Changes relative to the original v4.0 version are listed at the end.
2. File naming
The naming conventions of the data files is documented in lehd_csv_naming.html.
3. Extends
This version reimplements some features from V4.0. Many files compliant with LEHD or QWI Schema v4.0 will also be compliant with this schema, but compatibility is not guaranteed.
4. Supersedes
This version supersedes V4.1.0, for files released as of R2017Q1.
5. Basic Schema
Each data file is structured as a CSV file. The first columns contain [identifiers], subsequent columns contain [indicators], followed by status flags.
5.1. Generic structure
| Column name |
|---|
[ Identifier1 ] |
[ Identifier2 ] |
[ Identifier3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Indicator 1 ] |
[ Indicator 2 ] |
[ Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Status Flag 1 ] |
[ Status Flag 2 ] |
[ Status Flag 3 ] |
[ … ] |
Note: A full list of indicators for each type of file are shown below in the Indicators section. While all indicators are included in the CSV files, only the requested indicators will be included in data outputs from the LED Extraction Tool.
5.2. Identifiers
Records, unless otherwise noted, are parts of time-series data. Unique record identifiers are noted below, by file type. Identifiers without the year and quarter component can be considered a series identifier.
5.2.1. Mapping for Identifiers
Each of the released files has a set of variables uniquely identifying records (Identifiers). The table below relates the set of identifier specifications to the released files. The actual CSV files containing the identifiers for each set are listed after this table. Each identifier can take on a specified list of values, documented in the section on Categorical Variables.
| identifiers | QWI | NQWI | J2J | J2JR | J2JOD | LODES |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
lehd_identifiers_qwi |
1 |
1 |
||||
lehd_identifiers_j2j |
1 |
1 |
||||
lehd_identifiers_j2jod |
1 |
5.2.2. Identifiers for j2j
| Variable | Type | label |
|---|---|---|
periodicity |
Char(1) |
Periodicity of report |
seasonadj |
Char(1) |
Seasonal Adjustment Indicator |
geo_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Geographic level of aggregation |
geography |
Char(8) |
Group: Geography code |
ind_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Industry level of aggregation |
industry |
Char(5) |
Group: Industry code |
ownercode |
Char(3) |
Group: Ownership group code |
sex |
Char(1) |
Group: Gender code |
agegrp |
Char(3) |
Group: Age group code (WIA) |
race |
Char(2) |
Group: race |
ethnicity |
Char(2) |
Group: ethnicity |
education |
Char(2) |
Group: education |
firmage |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Age group |
firmsize |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Size group |
year |
Num |
Time: Year |
quarter |
Num |
Time: Quarter |
agg_level |
Num |
Aggregation Level Indicator |
5.2.3. Identifiers for j2jod
| Variable | Type | label |
|---|---|---|
periodicity |
Char(1) |
Periodicity of report |
seasonadj |
Char(1) |
Seasonal Adjustment Indicator |
geo_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Geographic level of aggregation of destination job |
geography |
Char(8) |
Group: Geography code of destination job |
ind_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Industry level of aggregation of destination job |
industry |
Char(5) |
Group: Industry code of destination job |
ownercode |
Char(3) |
Group: Ownership group code of destination job |
sex |
Char(1) |
Group: Gender code |
agegrp |
Char(3) |
Group: Age group code (WIA) |
race |
Char(2) |
Group: race |
ethnicity |
Char(2) |
Group: ethnicity |
education |
Char(2) |
Group: education |
firmage |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Age group |
firmsize |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Size group |
year |
Num |
Time: Year |
quarter |
Num |
Time: Quarter |
agg_level |
Num |
Aggregation Level Indicator |
geo_level_orig |
Char(1) |
Group: Geographic level of aggregation of origin job |
geography_orig |
Char(8) |
Group: Geography code of origin job |
ind_level_orig |
Char(1) |
Group: Industry level of aggregation of origin job |
industry_orig |
Char(5) |
Group: Industry code of origin job |
ownercode_orig |
Char(3) |
Group: Ownership group code of origin job |
firmage_orig |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Age group of origin job |
firmsize_orig |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Size group of origin job |
5.2.4. Identifiers for qwi
| Variable | Type | label |
|---|---|---|
periodicity |
Char(1) |
Periodicity of report |
seasonadj |
Char(1) |
Seasonal Adjustment Indicator |
geo_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Geographic level of aggregation |
geography |
Char(8) |
Group: Geography code |
ind_level |
Char(1) |
Group: Industry level of aggregation |
industry |
Char(5) |
Group: Industry code |
ownercode |
Char(3) |
Group: Ownership group code |
sex |
Char(1) |
Group: Gender code |
agegrp |
Char(3) |
Group: Age group code (WIA) |
race |
Char(2) |
Group: race |
ethnicity |
Char(2) |
Group: ethnicity |
education |
Char(2) |
Group: education |
firmage |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Age group |
firmsize |
Char(1) |
Group: Firm Size group |
year |
Num |
Time: Year |
quarter |
Num |
Time: Quarter |
5.3. Indicators
The following tables and associated mapping files list the indicators available on each file. The 'Indicator Variable' is the short name of the variable on the CSV files, suitable for machine processing in a wide variety of statistical applications. When given, the 'Alternate name' may appear in related documentation and articles. The 'Status Flag' is used to indicate publication or data quality status (see Status Flags). The 'Indicator Name' is a more verbose description of the indicator. The 'Base' indicates the denominator used to compute the statistic, and may be 1. 'Units' identify the type of variable: counts, rates, monetary amounts.
5.3.1. National QWI and state-level QWI (QWIPU)
| Indicator Variable | Alternate Name | Status Flag | Indicator Name | Description | Units | Concept | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Emp |
B |
sEmp |
Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Estimate of the total number of jobs on the first day of the reference quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EmpEnd |
E |
sEmpEnd |
End-of-Quarter Employment |
Estimate of the number of jobs on the last day of the quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EmpS |
F |
sEmpS |
Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Estimate of stable jobs - the number of jobs that are held on both the first and last day of the quarter with the same employer |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EmpSpv |
Fpv |
sEmpSpv |
Full-Quarter Employment in the Previous Quarter |
Estimate of stable jobs in the quarter before the reference quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EmpTotal |
M |
sEmpTotal |
Employment - Reference Quarter |
Estimated count of people employed in a firm at any time during the quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
HirA |
A |
sHirA |
Hires (All Accessions) |
Estimated number of workers who started a new job in the specified quarter |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
HirN |
H |
sHirN |
New Hires |
Estimated number of workers who started a new job excluding recall hires |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
HirR |
R |
sHirR |
Recall Hires |
Estimated number of workers who returned to the same employer where they had worked within the previous year |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
Sep |
S |
sSep |
Separations (All) |
Estimated number of workers whose job with a given employer ended in the specified quarter |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
HirAEnd |
CA |
sHirAEnd |
End-of-Quarter Hires |
Estimated number of workers who started a new job in the specified quarter, which continued into next quarter |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
HirAEndR |
CAR |
sHirAEndR |
End-of-Quarter Hiring Rate |
Hires as a percent of average employment |
Rate |
Hire |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
SepBeg |
CS |
sSepBeg |
Beginning-of-Quarter Separations |
Estimated number of workers whose job in the previous quarter continued and ended in the given quarter |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
SepBegR |
CSR |
sSepBegR |
Beginning-of-Quarter Separation Rate |
Separations as a percent of average employment |
Rate |
Separation |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirAS |
FA |
sHirAS |
Hires (All Hires into Full-Quarter Employment) |
Estimated number of workers that started a job that lasted at least one full quarter with a given employer |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
HirNS |
FH |
sHirNS |
New Hires (New Hires into Full-Quarter Employment) |
Estimated number of workers who started a job that they had not held within the past year and the job turned into a job that lasted at least a full quarter with a given employer |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
SepS |
FS |
sSepS |
Separations (Flows out of Full-Quarter Employment) |
Estimated number of workers who had a job for at least a full quarter and then the job ended |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
SepSnx |
FSnx |
sSepSnx |
Separations in the Next Quarter (Flows out of Full-Quarter Employment) |
Estimated number of workers in the next quarter who had a job for at least a full quarter and then the job ended |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
TurnOvrS |
FT |
sTurnOvrS |
Turnover (Stable) |
The rate at which stable jobs begin and end |
Rate |
Turnover |
2*EmpS |
FrmJbGn |
JC |
sFrmJbGn |
Firm Job Gains (Job Creation) |
Estimated number of jobs gained at firms throughout the quarter |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
FrmJbLs |
JD |
sFrmJbLs |
Firm Job Loss (Job Destruction) |
Estimated number of jobs lost at firms throughout the quarter |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
FrmJbC |
JF |
sFrmJbC |
Firm Job Change (Net Change) |
Difference between firm job gain and firm job loss |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
HirAEndRepl |
EI |
sHirAEndRepl |
Replacement Hires |
Hires into continuous quarter employment in excess of job creation |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
HirAEndReplr |
EIR |
sHirAEndReplr |
Replacement Hiring Rate |
Replacement hires as a percent of the average of beginning- and end-of-quarter employment |
Rate |
Hire |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
FrmJbGnS |
FJC |
sFrmJbGnS |
Firm Job Gains (Stable) |
Estimated number of full-quarter jobs gained at firms |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
FrmJbLsS |
FJD |
sFrmJbLsS |
Firm Job Loss (Stable) |
Estimated number of full-quarter jobs lost at firms |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
FrmJbCS |
FJF |
sFrmJbCS |
Firm Job Change (Stable; Net Change) |
Net growth in jobs that last a full quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EarnS |
ZW3 |
sEarnS |
Average Monthly Earnings (Full-Quarter Employment) |
Average monthly earnings of employees with stable jobs |
Dollars |
Earnings |
EmpS |
EarnBeg |
ZW1 |
sEarnBeg |
Average Monthly Earnings (Beginning-of-Quarter Employment) |
Average monthly earnings of employees who worked on the first day of the reference quarter |
Dollars |
Earnings |
Emp |
EarnHirAS |
ZWFA |
sEarnHirAS |
Average Monthly Earnings (All Hires into Full-Quarter Employment) |
Average monthly earnings for workers who started a job that turned into a job lasting a full quarter |
Dollars |
Earnings |
HirAS |
EarnHirNS |
ZWFH |
sEarnHirNS |
Average Monthly Earnings (New Hires into Full-Quarter Employment) |
Average monthly earnings of newly stable employees |
Dollars |
Earnings |
HirNS |
EarnSepS |
ZWFS |
sEarnSepS |
Average Monthly Earnings (Flows out of Full-Quarter Employment) |
Average monthly earnings of separations from full-quarter status at an establishment |
Dollars |
Earnings |
SepSnx |
Payroll |
W1 |
sPayroll |
Total Quarterly Payroll |
Total quarterly payroll for all jobs |
Dollars |
Earnings |
1 |
5.3.2. National QWI and state-level QWI rates (QWIPUR)
Rates are computed from published data, and are provided as a convenience.
| Indicator Variable | Alternate name | Status Flag | Indicator Name | Units | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HirAR |
AR |
sHirAR |
Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirNR |
HR |
sHirNR |
New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirRR |
RR |
sHirRR |
Recall Rate |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
SepR |
SR |
sSepR |
Separation Rate (All Separations) |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirAEndR |
CAR |
sHirAEndR |
End-of-Quarter Hiring Rate |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
SepBegR |
CSR |
sSepBegR |
Beginning-of-Quarter Separation Rate |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirAsR |
FAR |
sHirAsR |
Hiring Rate (Flows into Full-Quarter Employment) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
HirNsR |
FHR |
sHirNsR |
New Hiring Rate (New Hires to Full-Quarter Status) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
SepSR |
FSR |
sSepSR |
Separation Rate (Flows out of Full-Quarter Employment) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
SepSnxR |
FSnxR |
sSepSnxR |
Separation Rate in the Next Quarter (Flow out of Full-Quarter Employment) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
TurnOvrSR |
FTR |
sTurnOvrSR |
Turnover Rate (Stable) |
Rate |
2*EmpS |
FrmJbGnR |
JCR |
sFrmJbGnR |
Firm Job Gain Rate (Job Creation Rate) |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
FrmJbLsR |
JDR |
sFrmJbLsR |
Firm Job Loss Rate (Job Destruction Rate) |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
FrmJbCR |
JFR |
sFrmJbCR |
Firm Job Change Rate (Net Change Rate) |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
HirAEndReplR |
EIR |
sHirAEndReplR |
Replacement Hiring Rate |
Rate |
(Emp + EmpEnd)/2 |
FrmJbGnSR |
FJCR |
sFrmJbGnSR |
Firm Job Gain Rate (Stable) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
FrmJbLsSR |
FJDR |
sFrmJbLsSR |
Firm Job Loss Rate (Stable) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
FrmJbCSR |
FJFR |
sFrmJbCSR |
Firm Job Change Rate (Stable; Net Change Rate) |
Rate |
(EmpSpv + EmpS)/2 |
5.3.3. Job-to-job flow counts (J2J)
| Indicator Variable | Alternate Name | Status Flag | Indicator Name | Description | Units | Concept | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MHire |
all_doma2 |
sMHire |
Hires |
Hires into a worker’s main job |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
MSep |
all_doms2 |
sMSep |
Separations |
Separations from a worker’s main job |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
MJobStart |
first_dome |
sMJobStart |
Main Job Starts |
New main jobs due to hires and instances when a previously existing secondary job becomes the main source of earnings |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
MJobEnd |
last_domb |
sMJobEnd |
Main Job Ends |
End of main jobs due to separations and instances when another job becomes the main source of earnings |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
EEHire |
ee_doma2 |
sEEHire |
Job-to-Job Hires (Continuous Employment) |
Hires following a separation with no observed nonemployment spell |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
EESep |
ee_doms2 |
sEESep |
Job-to-Job Separations (Continuous Employment) |
Separations followed by a hire with no observed nonemployment spell |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
AQHire |
aq_doma2 |
sAQHire |
Job-to-Job Hires (Brief Nonemployment) |
Hires following a separation with a short nonemployment spell |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
AQSep |
aq_doms2 |
sAQSep |
Job-to-Job Separations (Brief Nonemployment) |
Separations followed by a hire with a short nonemployment spell |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
J2JHire |
j2j_doma2 |
sJ2JHire |
Job-to-Job Hires |
Hires following a separation (short or no observed nonemployment spell) |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
J2JSep |
j2j_doms2 |
sJ2JSep |
Job-to-Job Separations |
Separations followed by a hire (short or no observed nonemployment spell) |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
NEHire |
ne_doma2 |
sNEHire |
Hires from Nonemployment |
Hires following any spell of nonemployment |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
ENSep |
en_doms2 |
sENSep |
Separations to Nonemployment |
Separations into any spell of nonemployment |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
NEPersist |
ne2_doma2 |
sNEPersist |
Hires from Persistent Nonemployment |
Hires following a spell of persistent nonemployment |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
ENPersist |
en2_doms2 |
sENPersist |
Separations to Persistent Nonemployment |
Separations into a spell of persistent nonemployment |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
NEFullQ |
ne2p_doma2 |
sNEFullQ |
Hires from Full-Quarter Nonemployment |
Hires following a spell of full-quarter nonemployment (does not include intermittently employed) |
Count |
Hire |
1 |
ENFullQ |
en2p_doms2 |
sENFullQ |
Separations to Full-Quarter Nonemployment |
Separations into a spell of full-quarter nonemployment (does not include intermittently employed) |
Count |
Separation |
1 |
MainB |
domB |
sMainB |
Employment (Beginning of Quarter) |
Main jobs held on the first day of the quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
MainE |
domE |
sMainE |
Employment (End of Quarter) |
Main jobs held on the last day of the quarter |
Count |
Employment |
1 |
5.3.4. Job-to-job flow rates (J2JR)
Rates are computed from published data, and are provided as a convenience.
| Indicator Variable | Alternate Name | Status Flag | Indicator Name | Description | Units | Concept | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MHireR |
all_doma2_rate |
sMHireR |
Hires |
Rate of hires into a worker’s main job |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
MSepR |
all_doms2_rate |
sMSepR |
Separations |
Rate of separations from a worker’s main job |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
MJobStartR |
first_dome_rate |
sMJobStartR |
Main Job Starts |
Rate of new main jobs due to hires and instances when a previously existing secondary job becomes the main source of earnings |
Rate |
Employment |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
MJobEndR |
last_domb_rate |
sMJobEndR |
Main Job Ends |
Rate of the end of main jobs due to separations and instances when another job becomes the main source of earnings |
Rate |
Employment |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
EEHireR |
eea_rate |
sEEHireR |
Job-to-Job Hires (Continuous Employment) |
Rate of hires following a separation with no observed nonemployment spell |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
EESepR |
ees_rate |
sEESepR |
Job-to-Job Separations (Continuous Employment) |
Rate of separations followed by a hire with no observed nonemployment spell |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
AQHireR |
aq_doma2_rate |
sAQHireR |
Job-to-Job Hires (Brief Nonemployment) |
Rate of hires following a separation with a short nonemployment spell |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
AQSepR |
aq_doms2_rate |
sAQSepR |
Job-to-Job Separations (Brief Nonemployment) |
Rate of separations followed by a hire with a short nonemployment spell |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
J2JHireR |
j2j_doma2_rate |
sJ2JHireR |
Job-to-Job Hires |
Rate of hires following a separation (short or no observed nonemployment spell) |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
J2JSepR |
j2j_doms2_rate |
sJ2JSepR |
Job-to-Job Separations |
Rate of separations followed by a hire (short or no observed nonemployment spell) |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
NEHireR |
ne_doma2_rate |
sNEHireR |
Hires from Nonemployment |
Rate of hires following any spell of nonemployment |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
ENSepR |
en_doms2_rate |
sENSepR |
Separations to Nonemployment |
Rate of separations into any spell of nonemployment |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
NEPersistR |
ne2_doma2_rate |
sNEPersistR |
Hires from Persistent Nonemployment |
Rate of hires following a spell of persistent nonemployment |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
ENPersistR |
en2_doms2_rate |
sENPersistR |
Separations to Persistent Nonemployment |
Rate of separations into a spell of persistent nonemployment |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
NEFullQR |
ne2p_doma2_rate |
sNEFullQR |
Hires from Full-Quarter Nonemployment |
Rate of hires following a spell of full-quarter nonemployment (does not include intermittently employed) |
Rate |
Hire |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
ENFullQR |
en2p_doms2_rate |
sENFullQR |
Separations to Full-Quarter Nonemployment |
Rate of separations into a spell of full-quarter nonemployment (does not include intermittently employed) |
Rate |
Separation |
(MainB+MainE)/2 |
5.3.5. Job-to-job flow Origin-Destination (J2JOD)
| Indicator Variable | Alternate Name | Status Flag | Indicator Name | Description | Units | Concept | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EE |
ee |
sEE |
Job-to-Job Flows (Continuous Employment) |
Job flows with no observed nonemployment spell |
Count |
Flow |
1 |
AQHire |
aq_doma2 |
sAQHire |
Job-to-Job Flows (Brief Nonemployment) |
Job flows with a short nonemployment spell |
Count |
Flow |
1 |
EES |
fee |
sEES |
Stable Job-to-Job Flows (Continuous Employment) |
Job flows from stable employment into stable employment with no observed nonemployment spell |
Count |
Flow |
1 |
AQHireS |
faq_doma2 |
sAQHireS |
Stable Job-to-Job Flows (Brief Nonemployment) |
Job flows from stable employment into stable employment with a short nonemployment spell |
Count |
Flow |
1 |
5.4. Variability measures
The following tables and associated mapping files list the variability measures available on each file. The 'Variability Measure' is the short name of the variable on the CSV files, suitable for machine processing in a wide variety of statistical applications. When given, the 'Alternate Name' may appear in related documentation and articles. The 'Variable Name' is a more verbose description of the variability measure.
Six variability measures are published:
-
Total variability, prefixed by vt_
-
Standard error, prefixed by st_, and computed as the square root of Total Variability
-
Between-implicate variability, prefixed by vb_
-
Average within-implicate variability, prefixed by vw_
-
Degrees of freedom, prefixed by df_
-
Missingness ratio, prefixed by mr_
A missing variability measure indicates a structural zero in the corresponding indicator. This is currently not associated with a flag.
5.4.1. Generic structure
| Column name |
|---|
[ Identifier1 ] |
[ Identifier2 ] |
[ Identifier3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Standard error for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Standard error for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Standard error for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Total variation for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Total variation for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Total variation for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Between-implicate variability for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Between-implicate variability for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Between-implicate variability for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Average within-implicate variability for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Average within-implicate variability for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Average within-implicate variability for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Degrees of freedom for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Degrees of freedom for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Degrees of freedom for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
[ Missingness ratio for Indicator 1 ] |
[ Missingness ratio for Indicator 2 ] |
[ Missingness ratio for Indicator 3 ] |
[ … ] |
Note: A full list of indicators for each type of file are shown in the Indicators section. In the tables below, only a sample of variability measures are printed, but the complete list is available in the linked CSV schema files.
5.4.2. National QWI and state-level QWI
| Variability measure | Alternate name | Variable name | Units | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|
st_Emp |
st_B |
Standard error of Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
st_EmpEnd |
st_E |
Standard error of End-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
st_EmpS |
st_F |
Standard error of Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Count |
1 |
… |
||||
vt_Emp |
vt_B |
Total variation of Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
vt_EmpEnd |
vt_E |
Total variation of End-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
vt_EmpS |
vt_F |
Total variation of Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Count |
1 |
… |
||||
vb_Emp |
vb_B |
Between-implicate variability for Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
vb_EmpEnd |
vb_E |
Between-implicate variability for End-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
vb_EmpS |
vb_F |
Between-implicate variability for Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Count |
1 |
… |
||||
… |
||||
df_Emp |
df_B |
Degrees of freedom for VT of Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
df_EmpEnd |
df_E |
Degrees of freedom for VT of End-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
df_EmpS |
df_F |
Degrees of freedom for VT of Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Count |
1 |
… |
||||
mr_Emp |
mr_B |
Missingness ratio for Beginning-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
mr_EmpEnd |
mr_E |
Missingness ratio for End-of-Quarter Employment |
Count |
1 |
mr_EmpS |
mr_F |
Missingness ratio for Full-Quarter Employment (Stable) |
Count |
1 |
5.4.3. National QWI and state-level QWI rates
| Variability measure | Alternate name | Variable name | Units | Base |
|---|---|---|---|---|
st_HirAR |
st_AR |
Standard error of Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
1 |
st_HirNR |
st_HR |
Standard error of New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
1 |
st_HirRR |
st_RR |
Standard error of Recall Rate |
Rate |
1 |
… |
||||
vt_HirAR |
vt_AR |
Total variation of Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
1 |
vt_HirNR |
vt_HR |
Total variation of New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
1 |
vt_HirRR |
vt_RR |
Total variation of Recall Rate |
Rate |
1 |
… |
||||
vb_HirAR |
vb_AR |
Between-implicate variability for Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
1 |
vb_HirNR |
vb_HR |
Between-implicate variability for New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
1 |
vb_HirRR |
vb_RR |
Between-implicate variability for Recall Rate |
Rate |
1 |
… |
||||
… |
||||
df_HirAR |
df_AR |
Degrees of freedom for VT of Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
1 |
df_HirNR |
df_HR |
Degrees of freedom for VT of New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
1 |
df_HirRR |
df_RR |
Degrees of freedom for VT of Recall Rate |
Rate |
1 |
… |
||||
mr_HirAR |
mr_AR |
Missingness ratio for Hiring Rate (All Accessions) |
Rate |
1 |
mr_HirNR |
mr_HR |
Missingness ratio for New Hiring Rate |
Rate |
1 |
mr_HirRR |
mr_RR |
Missingness ratio for Recall Rate |
Rate |
1 |
5.4.4. Job-to-job flow counts (J2J)
Soon.
5.4.5. Job-to-job flow rates (J2JR)
Soon.
5.4.6. Job-to-job flow Origin-Destination (J2JOD)
Soon.
6. Categorical Variables
Categorical variable descriptions are displayed above each table, with the variable name shown in parentheses. Unless otherwise stated, every possible value/label combination for each categorical variable is listed. Please note that not all values will be available in every table.
6.1. agegrp
( label_agegrp.csv )
| agegrp | label |
|---|---|
A00 |
All Ages (14-99) |
A01 |
14-18 |
A02 |
19-21 |
A03 |
22-24 |
A04 |
25-34 |
A05 |
35-44 |
A06 |
45-54 |
A07 |
55-64 |
A08 |
65-99 |
6.2. education
| education | label |
|---|---|
E0 |
All Education Categories |
E1 |
Less than high school |
E2 |
High school or equivalent, no college |
E3 |
Some college or Associate degree |
E4 |
Bachelor’s degree or advanced degree |
E5 |
Educational attainment not available (workers aged 24 or younger) |
6.3. ethnicity
| ethnicity | label |
|---|---|
A0 |
All Ethnicities |
A1 |
Not Hispanic or Latino |
A2 |
Hispanic or Latino |
6.4. firmage
| firmage | label |
|---|---|
0 |
All Firm Ages |
1 |
0-1 Years |
2 |
2-3 Years |
3 |
4-5 Years |
4 |
6-10 Years |
5 |
11+ Years |
N |
Firm Age Not Available For Public-Sector Firms |
6.5. firmsize
| firmsize | label |
|---|---|
0 |
All Firm Sizes |
1 |
0-19 Employees |
2 |
20-49 Employees |
3 |
50-249 Employees |
4 |
250-499 Employees |
5 |
500+ Employees |
N |
Firm Size Not Available For Public-Sector Firms |
6.6. ownercode
| ownercode | label |
|---|---|
A00 |
All (1-5) |
A01 |
Federal government |
A05 |
All Private (5) |
6.8. quarter
| quarter | label |
|---|---|
1 |
1st Quarter of the Year (January-March) |
2 |
2nd Quarter of the Year (April-June) |
3 |
3rd Quarter of the Year (July-September) |
4 |
4th Quarter of the Year (October-December) |
6.9. race
( label_race.csv )
| race | label |
|---|---|
A0 |
All Races |
A1 |
White Alone |
A2 |
Black or African American Alone |
A3 |
American Indian or Alaska Native Alone |
A4 |
Asian Alone |
A5 |
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Alone |
A6 |
Some Other Race Alone (Not Used) |
A7 |
Two or More Race Groups |
6.10. seasonadj
| seasonadj | label |
|---|---|
S |
Seasonally adjusted |
U |
Not seasonally adjusted |
6.12. stusps
( label_stusps.csv )
| geography | stusps |
|---|---|
01 |
AL |
02 |
AK |
04 |
AZ |
05 |
AR |
06 |
CA |
08 |
CO |
09 |
CT |
10 |
DE |
11 |
DC |
12 |
FL |
13 |
GA |
15 |
HI |
16 |
ID |
17 |
IL |
18 |
IN |
19 |
IA |
20 |
KS |
21 |
KY |
22 |
LA |
23 |
ME |
24 |
MD |
25 |
MA |
26 |
MI |
27 |
MN |
28 |
MS |
29 |
MO |
30 |
MT |
31 |
NE |
32 |
NV |
33 |
NH |
34 |
NJ |
35 |
NM |
36 |
NY |
37 |
NC |
38 |
ND |
39 |
OH |
40 |
OK |
41 |
OR |
42 |
PA |
44 |
RI |
45 |
SC |
46 |
SD |
47 |
TN |
48 |
TX |
49 |
UT |
50 |
VT |
51 |
VA |
53 |
WA |
54 |
WV |
55 |
WI |
56 |
WY |
72 |
PR |
78 |
VI |
6.13. Industry
6.13.1. Industry levels
| ind_level | label |
|---|---|
A |
All Industries |
S |
NAICS Sectors |
3 |
NAICS Subsectors |
4 |
NAICS Industry Groups |
6.13.2. Industry
Only a small subset of available values shown. The 2012 NAICS (North American Industry Classification System) is used for all years. QWI releases prior to R2015Q3 used the 2007 NAICS classification (see Schema v4.0.1). For a full listing of all valid 2012 NAICS codes, see http://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/sssd/naics/naicsrch?chart=2012.
| industry | label |
|---|---|
00 |
All NAICS Sectors |
000 |
All NAICS Subsectors |
0000 |
All NAICS Industry Groups |
11 |
Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting |
111 |
Crop Production |
1111 |
Oilseed and Grain Farming |
1112 |
Vegetable and Melon Farming |
… |
|
2382 |
Building Equipment Contractors |
2383 |
Building Finishing Contractors |
2389 |
Other Specialty Trade Contractors |
31-33 |
Manufacturing |
311 |
Food Manufacturing |
3111 |
Animal Food Manufacturing |
3112 |
Grain and Oilseed Milling |
3113 |
Sugar and Confectionery Product Manufacturing |
… |
6.14. Geography
6.14.1. Geographic levels
Geography labels for data files are provided in separate files, by scope. Each file label_geograpy_SCOPE.csv may contain one or more types of records as flagged by geo_level. For convenience, a composite file containing all geocodes is available as label_geography.csv. The 2015 vintage of Census TIGER/Line geography is used for all tabulations as of the R2015Q4 release.
Shapefiles are described in a separate document.
| geo_level | label | description | sourceurl |
|---|---|---|---|
B |
Metropolitan (complete) |
Identifies 5-digit CBSA code for metropolitan areas provided by the Census Bureau’s Geography Division |
|
C |
Counties |
Identifies 5-digit FIPS code |
|
M |
Metropolitan/Micropolitan (state part) |
Identifies 7-digit code constructed from the 2-digit state FIPS code and the 5-digit CBSA code provided by the Census Bureau’s Geography Division |
|
N |
National (50 States + DC) |
Custom code using 00 to denote national scope |
|
S |
States |
Identifies 2-digit FIPS code (also called "ANSI" codes) |
|
W |
Workforce Investment Areas |
2-digit state FIPS code and the 6-digit WIA identifier provided by LED State Partners |
6.14.2. National and state-level values
The file label_fipsnum.csv contains values and labels for all entities of geo_level N or S, and is a summary of separately available files.
| geography | label | geo_level |
|---|---|---|
00 |
National (50 States + DC) |
N |
01 |
Alabama |
S |
02 |
Alaska |
S |
04 |
Arizona |
S |
05 |
Arkansas |
S |
06 |
California |
S |
08 |
Colorado |
S |
… |
||
45 |
South Carolina |
S |
46 |
South Dakota |
S |
47 |
Tennessee |
S |
48 |
Texas |
S |
49 |
Utah |
S |
50 |
Vermont |
S |
51 |
Virginia |
S |
53 |
Washington |
S |
6.14.3. Detailed state and substate level values
Note: cross-state CBSA, in records of type geo_level = M, are present on files of type label_geography_XX.csv. A particular cross-state CBSA will appear on multiple files.
| Scope | Format file |
|---|---|
US |
|
METRO |
|
States |
|
AK |
|
AL |
|
AR |
|
AZ |
|
CA |
|
CO |
|
CT |
|
DC |
|
DE |
|
FL |
|
GA |
|
HI |
|
IA |
|
ID |
|
IL |
|
IN |
|
KS |
|
KY |
|
LA |
|
MA |
|
MD |
|
ME |
|
MI |
|
MN |
|
MO |
|
MS |
|
MT |
|
NC |
|
ND |
|
NE |
|
NH |
|
NJ |
|
NM |
|
NV |
|
NY |
|
OH |
|
OK |
|
OR |
|
PA |
|
RI |
|
SC |
|
SD |
|
TN |
|
TX |
|
UT |
|
VA |
|
VT |
|
WA |
|
WI |
|
WV |
|
WY |
6.15. Aggregation level
Measures within the J2J and QWI data products are tabulated on many different dimensions, including demographic characteristics, geography, industry, and other firm characteristics. For Origin-Destination (O-D) tables, characteristics of the origin and destination firm can be tabulated separately. Every tabulation level is assigned a unique aggregation index, represented by the agg_level variable. This index starts from 1, representing a national level grand total (all industries, workers, etc.), and progresses through different combinations of characteristics. There are gaps in the progression to leave space for aggregation levels that may be included in future data releases.
agg_level is currently reported only for J2J data products.
The following variables are included in the label_agg_level.csv file:
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
agg_level |
index representing level of aggregation reported on a given record |
worker_char |
demographic (worker) characteristics reported on record |
firm_char |
firm characteristics reported on record. These will be the characteristics of the destination firm in O-D tabulations |
firm_orig_char |
characteristics of origin firm reported on record (O-D tabulations only) |
j2j |
Flag: Aggregation level available on J2J counts tables |
j2jr |
Flag: Aggregation level available on J2J rates tables |
j2jod |
Flag: Aggregation level available on J2J O-D tables |
qwi |
Flag: Aggregation level available on QWI |
The characteristics available on an aggregation level are repeated using a series of flags following the standard schema:
A shortened representation of the file is provided below, the complete file is available in the link above.
| agg_level | worker_char | firm_char | firm_orig_char | j2j | j2jr | j2jod | qwi | geo_level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
|||
2 |
Sex |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
3 |
Age |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
4 |
Sex * Age |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
5 |
Race |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
9 |
Ethnicity |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
13 |
Race * Ethnicity |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
… |
||||||||
129 |
Firm Size |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
257 |
NAICS Sector |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
N |
||
258 |
Sex |
NAICS Sector |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
N |
|
… |
||||||||
1029 |
Race |
State |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
S |
|
1033 |
Ethnicity |
State |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
S |
|
1037 |
Race * Ethnicity |
State |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
S |
|
… |
7. Status flags
( label_flags.csv )
Each status flag in the tables above contains one of the following valid values. The values and their interpretation are listed in the table below.
|
|
Important
Note: Currently, the J2J tables only contain status flags -1 and 1. Status flags with values 10 or above only appear in online applications, not in CSV files. |
| flag | label |
|---|---|
-2 |
no data available in this category for this quarter |
-1 |
data not available to compute this estimate |
1 |
OK |
5 |
Value suppressed because it does not meet US Census Bureau publication standards. |
6 |
Value calculated from other released measures - no significant distortion |
7 |
Value calculated from other released measures - some of which have significantly distorted data |
9 |
Data significantly distorted - fuzzed value released |
10 |
Aggregate of cells - no significant distortion |
11 |
Aggregate of cells not released because component cells do not meet U.S. Census Bureau publication standards |
12 |
Aggregate of cells - some of which have significantly distorted data |
8. Metadata
8.1. Metadata for QWI and J2J files (version.txt)
Each data release is accompanied by one or more files with metadata on geographic and temporal coverage, in a compact notation. These files follow the following naming convention:
version_[demo]_[fas].txt
version_[type].txtwhere each component is described in more detail in lehd_csv_naming.html.
The contents contains the following elements:
| Component | Source | Description |
|---|---|---|
product |
[type] |
Type as described in lehd_csv_naming.html |
demo_fas |
[demo]_[fas] |
(optional - concatenated with product) used for QWI to distinguish separate tabulations from the legal [demo]_[fas] combinations as described in lehd_csv_naming.html |
geo |
[_stusps] or Metro |
Covered [geography] (uppercase state postal code or the word MSA) |
fips |
Numeric (FIPS) geography code |
|
start |
yyyy:q |
Start year and quarter |
end |
yyyy:q |
End year and quarter |
schema |
Vx.y.z |
Version of the schema |
release |
RyyyyQq |
Release quarter (identifies when the data was created) |
internal |
various |
Internal identifier used for provenance tracking |
For instance, the metadata for the R2016Q3 release of Missouri QWI Sex by Age tabulations for No firm size or age detail (obtained from here) has the following content:
QWISA_F MO 29 1995:1-2015:4 V4.0.5 R2016Q3 qwipu_mo_20160804_1631Similarly, the metadata for the R2016Q3 release of Missouri J2J tabulations (obtained from here) has the following content:
J2J MO 29 2000:2-2015:3 V4.1.0 R2016Q3 j2jpu_mo_20161028_1522Some J2J metadata may contain multiple lines, as necessary.
8.2. Additional metadata for J2JOD files (avail.csv)
Because the origin-destination (J2JOD) data link two regions, we provide an auxiliary file with the time range that cells containing data for each geographic pairing may appear in a data release.
| variable | type | label |
|---|---|---|
geo_level |
Char(1) |
Geographic level of destination region |
geography |
Char(8) |
Geography code of destination region |
geo_level_orig |
Char(1) |
Geographic level of origin region |
geography_orig |
Char(8) |
Geography code of origin region |
start_year |
Num |
First year regional pair may be observed |
start_quarter |
Num |
First quarter regional pair may be observed |
end_year |
Num |
Last year regional pair may be observed |
end_quarter |
Num |
Last quarter regional pair may be observed |
The reference region will always be either the origin or the destination. National tabulations contain records where both origin and destination are geo_level=N; state tabulations contain records where geo_level in (N,S); metro tabulations contain records where geo_level in (N,S,B). Data may be suppressed for certain combinations of regions and quarters because the estimates do not meet Census Bureau publication standards.
9. Changes
For a description of how schema files are versioned, see main directory.
9.1. This version (revisions)
-
2017-04-04: Initial release
9.2. Version 4.2a-draft from 4.1.1
-
See github