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Papers Containing Keywords(s): 'immigrant entrepreneurs'

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  • Working Paper

    Financing Small Business Creation: The Case of Chinese and Korean Immigrant Entrepreneurs

    September 1996

    Authors: Timothy Bates

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-96-09

    Prevailing scholarly literature misrepresents the realities of how immigrant Korean and Chinese entrepreneurs finance entry into small business. Supportive peer and community subgroups are not major sources of startup capital; the majority of all loan funds are raised by borrowing from financial institutions. The major single funding source is equity capital, which derives almost entirely from family household wealth holdings. Controlling for firm and owner traits, comparison groups of nonminority and Asian American nonimmigrant self-employed borrowers are shown to have greater access to loan sources than Korean and Chinese immigrants. High equity capital investment offsets this disadvantage. Absent rotating credit associations, and other minor debt sources, the average Korean/Chinese startup possesses substantially more financial capital than its nonminority counterparts.
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  • Working Paper

    Determinants Of Survival And Profiability Among Asian Immigrant-Owned Small Businesses

    August 1993

    Authors: Timothy Bates

    Working Paper Number:

    CES-93-11

    The immigrant entrepreneur is often seen as a member of supportive peer and community subgroups. These networks assist in the creation and successful operation of firms by providing social resources in the form of customers, loyal employees and financing. This study provides evidence that the success and survival patterns of Asian immigrant firms derive from their large investments of financial capital and the impressive educational credentials of the business owners. Heavy utilization of social support networks typifies the less profitable, more failure-prone small businesses owned by Asian immigrants.
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